Naqqara Drum
The naqqara is a pair of kettledrums, usually of copper with goatskin heads, beaten with two sticks and carried before rulers or sounded from gate towers to announce arrivals, processions and festival days. The instrument came into South Asia with the Indo-Islamic courts, where paired kettledrums were part of royal ceremonial music, and it remains in use at shrines and at processions across Pakistan and the wider Muslim world. In the Punjab and Sindh the deep paired notes of the naqqara mark the high moments of a gathering, and the drum is still played at the doors of shrines and at the head o