Tubeteika (Tatar Skullcap)
Hemispherical embroidered skullcap, the traditional headwear of Tatar men. Decorated with silk or velvet embroidery in floral and geometric patterns, the tubeteika was worn at home and in public, while the taller cone-shaped kelepush was worn outdoors. Embroidered tubeteikas were part of festive dress and remain a symbol of Tatar national identity. The cap is made of velvet or thick cotton sewn in four wedge-shaped panels, joined at the crown and embroidered by hand with gold thread, silk and beads; the ornament covers the crown and often spills over the band. In Tatar custom a man removed his