Erect Horns and the Sacred Buffalo Hat
Erect Horns (Tomȯsévėséhe) was the prophet of the Só'taeo'o people who later merged with the Cheyenne. He received the Ésevone (Sacred Buffalo Hat) at Tȯhóonévose (Stone Hammer Mountain) near the Great Lakes in Minnesota. The sacred hat represents female power, while the Sacred Arrows represent male power—together they form the two great covenants of the Cheyenne Nation. Erect Horns gave the people the Sun Dance ceremony and convinced the tribe to abandon their sedentary agricultural lifestyle, adopt the nomadic Plains horse culture, and rely on buffalo for survival. His vision transformed the